(2) with intent to temporarily to deprive or defraud another person of the use and benefit of property or to appropriate to his own use the use of any person other than the owner, is guilty of wrongful appropriation. . In November 1965, Joe Galloway snapped this photo of his childhood friend Vince Cantu during the Battle of the Ia Drang Valley, without realizing who was pictured. We Were Soldiers Once.And Young: Ia Drang The Battle That Changed the War in V. Sponsored. No one knew quite what to do to help him. Joe Galloway takes a hard look at the assessments of Ia Drang by the war's architects in Washington, Saigon and Hanoi: McNamara, Westmoreland, Ho and Giap, https://www.historynet.com/ia-drang-where-battlefield-losses-convinced-ho-giap-and-mcnamara-the-u-s-could-never-win/, Jerrie Mock: Record-Breaking American Female Pilot, How Operation Homecoming Was Sprung into Action to Repatriate American POWs. 3. With that, the United States ceded the strategic initiative for much of the rest of the war to General Giap. I know better now. Nine regular North Vietnamese regiments (27 infantry battalions) have been infiltrated in the past year, joining the estimated 83 VC battalions in the South. The Fog of War: The Vietnamese View o In November 1965 . To meet this possibleand in my view likelyCommunist build-up, the presently contemplated Phase I forces will not be enough. It created a sense of mutual respect that in many ways is challenged by the new embed ethos. The answer from LBJs White House was that absolutely no hot pursuit across the borders would be authorized. . His MOH citation recounts several examples of conspicuous gallantry, some despite being severely wounded. He is the only civilian awarded a medal of valor by the U.S . In time the same patience and perseverance that had ground down the French colonial military would likewise grind down the Americans. They were replaced by new draftees, who flowed in as individual replacements and who knew no one around them, and nothing of their outfits history and esprit. The man was a brave SOB, having made a name for himself at the Battle of Ia Drang, November 14-18, 1965 (I wrote about the battle here). They took the child into a bunker, cleaned him up and dressed his wounds under candlelight. For his extraordinary heroism and gallantry in action around Landing Zone X-Ray, Moore received the Distinguished Service Cross. Unfortunately the young soldier was later killed but this image conveyed the senselessness and horror of how the human condition was playing out. The contact sheets from that day reveal that the straw roofs would be set ablaze and the hamlet burnt down because of the suspicion that the villagers were harboring communist guerrilla forces by night. But nearly until the end of the U.S. war, if a helicopter or truck had a seat available, they would take you along. Your browser is out of date. In mid-October, the 32nd Regiment had surrounded and laid siege to the American Special Forces camp at Plei Me. My older brother Huynh Thanh My, who was killed covering the Vietnam War for the Associated Press, always told me that an image could stop the war and that was his goal. Without them, the battles of the Ia Drang could never have taken place. I could feel those bones in the palms of my hands. The soldiers eyes reveal, and you dont need a caption to explain it, that he most likely experienced hell along the way. He covered the 1st Cavalry Division's Battle of the Ia Drang Valley in 1965. He is the only reporter who covered the war recognized for heroism in combat. Fenella Ferrato, daughter of photographer Philip Jones Griffiths: Philip Jones Griffiths was born in a small town in the North of Wales in 1936, before the start of the Second World War. But few people have a better grasp on the role of photography in Vietnam than the photographers themselves, and those who lived and worked alongside them. . The acclaimed photographer Robert Capa came in to take his place and cover the fighting. During the time I spent with him and his platoon they didnt come into direct contact with the enemy, but there was always a common undercurrent that ran through them, a palpable anxiety and fear about what could come their way in a split second. A man who made sense of the Battle of Ia Drang for a generation is gone. I got a ride back to Ton San Nhut and was downtown in Room 401 of the Caravelle in another 30. I feel its symbolic, but Im conflicted about it, knowing what I know. Major Basil Plumley a legend in the airborne and infantry communities wore unauthorized combat and valor awards that exaggerated the wartime achievements that made him famous. The soldier, seen from the back, facing a Vietnamese woman hugging a baby, with a half-naked boy by her side? He worked more than 20 years as a foreign and war correspondent. You can find a copy of that memo by Googling it, I believe. Joe prior to Xray battle What happened there, in the Ia Drang Valley, 17 miles from the nearest red-dirt road at Plei Me and 37 miles from the provincial capital of Pleiku, sounded alarm bells in the Johnson White House and the Pentagon as they tallied the American lossesa stunning butchers bill of 234 men killed and more than 250 wounded in just four days and nights, November 14-17, in two adjacent clearings dubbed Landing Zones X-ray and Albany. Instead, he was riding in the 16th helicopter in a formation. The detail not given was that Gunny Purdies commanding officer had just been killed on that hill, the radio operator cut in half. Neither did the article mention that the CO had called in artillery fire on his own position. A photo of a young widow sprawled atop the grave of her soldier husband at Arlington Cemetery leaves me choked with grief and sobbing aloud. Caption: U.S. cavalrymen carry a fellow soldier to an evacuation zone after he was seriously wounded in a North Vietnamese ambush in South Vietnam's Ia Drang Valley, mid-November 1965. The book was later adapted. Fort Irwin, Calif., March 19, 2016. We acknowledge the Traditional Owners of the place now called Victoria, and all First Peoples living and working on this land. Released prisoner of war Lt. Col. Robert L. Stirm is greeted by his family at Travis Air Force Base in Fairfield, Calif. Sal VederAP. It was windy. Three days later, only two and a half miles away, a sister battalion was chopped to pieces. This is a photo that Howard felt was very powerful. (Photo Credit: Joe Galloway / Bettmann / Getty Images) On the second day of fighting, he even went out into the heavy fire to rescue a soldier, Pfc. Tell them that they will get better, and help them get there. Prior to Nov. 14, 1965, the U.S. Army had never met its North Vietnamese counterpart in a major battle. Beginning Nov. 14, 1965, Moore led his battalion in a fierce battle around Landing Zone X-Ray in the Ia Drang Valley. Courtesy Joe Galloway and the Hal. by Joe Galloway Part Four: A Season in Hell. Joe Galloway is presented a branding iron by Maj. Gen. Michael Bills, commanding general, 1st Cavalry Division, during a screening of We Were Soldiers at Fort Hood, Texas, June 11, 2015. Excerpts from Memorandum From Secretary of Defense McNamara to President Johnson, Washington, November 30, 1965. No one was expecting people to come out of the bombed-out burning buildings, but when they did, I was ready with my Leica camera and I feel my brother guided me to capture that image. It was followed by a barrage of incoming automatic weapon and artillery rounds. to: lzalbany65 The Recon Platoon had captured two North Vietnamese soldiers. Sadly, they probably died quickly in the war. I knew what was in the camera, but when I went to wind back the film, I couldnt. Joe Galloway was awarded the Bronze Star with V device for his service in the battle. Gold Star Family members can also fall victim to PTSD as a result of second-hand trauma. ignorance. We have but two options, it seems to me. There should be no employer penalty or refusal to hire those who have suffered from PTSD. Armed with an M16 that he personally took to Vietnam, Joe Lee Galloway. He had just turned 30. Long-forgotten photographs sometimes leap out at me and I am stunned by certain moments that I documented that were so routine when I made them, but are now infused with new emotion and meaning. Map of the Battle of Ia Drang. On July 16, 2001 and February 26, 2007, respectively, helicopter pilots . The enemy commander, Lt. Col. Nguyen Hu An, had kept one of the battalions of the 66th Regiment in reserve, and unbeknownst to the Americans that battalion was taking a lunch break just off the trail. Joe Galloway was recognized with the Bronze Star with Valor when during November 1965, Battle of Ia Drang, he repeatedly disregarded his own safety to rescue wounded soldiers . We Were Soldiers is a 2002 American war film written and directed by Randall Wallace and starring Mel Gibson. (Paperback 9780345475817) Later I realized that I had shot a photo, in the heat of battle, of my childhood friend from the little town of Refugio, Texas. Military options and recommendations. The UH-1B Huey helicopters buzzed around the rugged area like so many bees, landing American troops among the North Vietnamese, forcing them to split up into ever-smaller groups like coveys of quail pressed hard by the hunters. Galloway brandishes a Swedish K submachinegun at Danang in August 1965. day battle. I thought. If we have a loved one suffering from PTSD what kind of things should we know/do to help them? The turning point of the five-year-old war, the offensive by elusive Viet Cong and North Vietnamese forces failed in military terms but constituted a political victory in the arena of international public opinion. Snipers were up in the trees. Paul received many letters saying thank you for what you showed us.. Nobody offered any advice about going to war. exposure,+THROWING THE ROTORS INTO REVERSE as soon as we reached the clearing and braking in the air like a parachute popping open. Do you all ever talk about those times and the effect of all that upon you? The dramatic recent changes in the situation are on the military side. I notice that as the years dwindle down to a precious few I weep a lot more often as the memories cross my mind. And preferably as Pyle covered his war., Joe Lee Galloway I was so eager to get to Vietnam before the war ended that my only real fear was that the first troops to land would finish off the Viet Cong and I would miss my war.. When the war ended in 1975, that man and five others were all that were left alive of the 400. $5.02. Urge them to get some counselling; to spend some time talking with others afflicted by PTSD. FICTION: NEIL SHEEHAN the Huey Plummeted, and the pilots dashed in over the trees to minimize. The wise men talked for two days without seriously considering McNamaras Option 1getting out of Vietnamand ultimately voted unanimously in favor of further escalation of the war. His face was on fire. Van Emst/Opelika-Auburn News via AP) russell: It had been a bloody, furious battle all afternoon at XRay. An Interview with Army Correspondent Joe Galloway Joseph Galloway is a military correspondent and former columnist who frequently reported from war zones and is co-author of We were Soldiers Once and Young.. We dont focus so much on if, or how much, we were damaged by what we witnessed or participated in. Ia Drang - The Battle That Convinced Ho Chi Minh He Could Win. 10 things you never knew about we were soldiers task. It is not often you see enemies cradling each other. Purdie, wounded for the third time in the war, was about to be flown to a hospital ship off the Vietnamese coast and leave that country for his last time. Understand what has brought them to that point. And a UH-1 "Huey" helicopter is flying in toward the area. But there and then, I decided to follow in his footsteps and complete his mission. The first civilian hired as Chief White House Photographer, Okamoto also became the first one to truly document the Presidency for history. Joe Lee Galloway I thought I was bulletproof, invincible, as young men often do before they see the elephant.. Alice Gabriner, who edited this photo essay, is TIMEs International Photo Editor. Do you think Gold Star family members can suffer from PTSD even though they have never been in a combat zone? In 1998, Galloway was awarded the Bronze Star with V for Valor for rescuing wounded soldiers under fire at Ia Drang. After the beginning of the Iraq War my own employer Knight Ridder hired psychologists who interviewed returning war correspondents, and checked up on them periodically to make sure they were OK. What do you think the general public fails to understand about PTSD? She can be reached. ", Jimmy D. Nakayama's casualty report no Crushed ankles, IF YOU WANT A GOOD FIGHT Original story of Vietnam . But for that fraction of a second, in his face, his posture, was all the fatigue and despair of a young soldier who is surely wondering what in the hell hes doing there, so far from home. The following morning, this corpsman took the child to the rear of the battle zone where he could be handed over for more medical attention. Photo by war journalist Joseph L. Galloway. There is no way to avoid it. Slapping a swagger stick along his leg, he quickly loaded the two journalists who had accepted his invitation, myself and UPI reporter Leon Daniel, into a Jeep and barreled into the town. My picture of the U.S. corpsman carrying an injured child away from the battle in Hu is a rare occasion to show the true value of human kindness and the dignity of man. Joe Galloway, a war correspondent whose wrenching account of the first major battle of the Vietnam War was the basis for the book "We Were Soldiers Once and Young," which became a best seller. As the president walked into the room, he was holding McNamaras November 30 memo in his hand. In less time than it takes to tell, the panicked soldiers swarmed into the helicopter, which was to be our only way out. But Im fascinated by the photograph because of the man behind the camera: Yoichi Okamoto. Bearing in mind the nature of the war, the expected weighted combat force ratio of less than 2-to-1 will not be good enough. Lt. colonel Moores service in the office, Chief of Research and Development reflect great credit upon him, FICTION from NEIL SHEEHANs A BRIGHT AND SHINNING LIE., PAGE 573 Second Lieutenant Walter Marm (later Colonel) received the Medal of Honor on February 15, 1967 for his actions during the 3-day battle at LZ X-Ray. Fort Benning during battles in the Ia Drang (Guest blog). (UPI photo by Joe Galloway, used with permission) The U.S. Army is investigating allegations by a military researcher that the late Command Sgt. On November 14, 1965, the 1st Battalion (Bn), 7th Cavalry Regiment (Regt), 1st Air Cavalry (Cav) Division (Div) was sent on a search and destroy . ============================= The violent spectacle has temporarily receded, and the reader, in this previously unpublished photograph, is given its remains, both the sacred and the partly absurd. Do you have an observations about why that might be so? At Jeremiah Purdies packed funeral, there wasnt a man or a woman with a story to tell that didnt mention how, in some way, he had reached out. An Associated Press photographer, Rick Merron, and a Vietnamese TV network cameraman, Vo Nguyen, had finagled a ride on a helicopter going into Albany on the morning of November 18. There are submarines, there are mini-submarines, and then there are human torpedoes. Its insane to think that these three young children with grenades were going off to fight the Viet Minh army. In 1964 an Ohio woman took up the challenge that had led to Amelia Earharts disappearance. The enemy columnmen of the newly arriving 8th Battalion of the 66th Regimentstopped 120 yards short of the ambush and took a break. Hal, over to you. Did anyone, a mentor or a family member, give you any advice about adjusting to a war zone? Moore claimed he and An had no bitterness and respected each other as soldiers. We settled down in Tokyo, my next assignment. Lily Rothman is the History and Archives Editor for TIME. Shaking it at the defense secretary, he said, You mean to tell me no matter what I do I cant win in Vietnam? McNamara nodded yes. Galloway had. The Americans blew their claymore mines and emptied a magazine each from their M-16 rifles into the confused North Vietnamese and then took off, running like hell straight back to the patrol base. Looking back today on this picture I took so long ago I can see that there is an echo here of the famous Robert Capa image of the woman whose head had been shaved at the end of WWII because she was considered to be a Nazi collaborator and had a child whom she hugs to her chest with a German soldier. We Were Soldiers Once.And Young: Ia Drang The Battle That Changed the W - GOOD. Karen Spears Zacharias, a Gold Star daughter, lost her father, Staff Sgt. How has your own PTSD affected you? anything to give him and he just told me to just keep giving him the saline solution. discharging a load of infantrymen on a search and destroy mission. The series features a wide range of war images, both famous and forgotten. He was there on the ground for the brutal and historic fall of Dien Bien Phu that marked the end of the French involvement in the region. My heart was pounding. The Battle of Ia Drang In November 1965, then Lt. Col. Moore commanded the 1st Battalion, 7th Cavalry Regiment, 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile), on an air assault mission to secure the Ia. Hal G. Moore, Bruce Crandall and Jon Mills went in to an officers bar, they were told to leave by, Hal G. Moore was wearing his web gear, grenades,ammo, M-16 rifle, Bruce Crandall and Jon, Hal G. Moore laying his M-16 on the bar, tells the manager if he did not serve them he would, Bruce Crandall and Jon mills, take their pistols out of their holsters, and place them on the, This by this act alone Bruce Crandall and Jon mills, by taking their pistols out of their holsters, (a) Any person subject to this chapter who attempts or offers with unlawful force or violence to, do bodily harm to another person, whether or not the attempt or offer is consummated, is. Its obvious looking at this photograph that he had unfettered access to LBJ and that everyone was comfortable with him being in the room even when the room was the Presidents bedroom. The situationPacification is thoroughly stalled, with no guarantee that security anywhere is permanent and no indications that able and willing leadership will emerge in the absence of that permanent security. This image of the sheltering soldier is particularly compelling to me for what I dont know. In the top-secret memo he wrote on his way back to Washington, excerpted below, he coolly predicts the deadly road ahead and the unlikely prospects for victory. Both enemy regiments withdrew toward the Ia Drang with a brigade of Air Cav troopers dogging their footsteps. Sidney Lanier High School, Sp4 James Clark was not given any morphine by the medics. The battle consisted of two engagements in the valley . The book was moving account of the November 1965 Battle of Ia Drang Valley in the Vietnam War and the heroic fight that 450 soldiers of the 1st Battalion, 7th Cavalry, put up against a superior. The North Vietnamese swiftly deployed along the left side of the column and prepared to attack. Photograph taken by Joe Galloway during the Battle of Ia Drang, November 15, 1965. Available for both RF and RM licensing. As McDades battalion neared the Albany clearing, it was halted, strung out along 550 yards of narrow trail hemmed in by much thicker triple canopy jungle. Stockton, an Army brat who had grown up in horse cavalry posts all across the West, had resurrected black cavalry Stetson hats for his men and smuggled the 9th Cavs mascot Maggie the mule aboard ship and 8,000 miles to Vietnam in defiance of another of Dick Knowles orders. development Air Assault tactics, or Helicopters. Dao yelled that they were prepared to fight the enemy, come what may. Aug. 18 (UPI) -- Joseph Galloway, a former United Press International war correspondent whose book about the Battle of Ia Drang in Vietnam was made into a Hollywood movie, died Wednesday in a . 5. I had just returned from Albany myself, and I stood and told the general, Thats bullshit, sir, and you know it! The news conference dissolved in a chorus of angry shouting. Word spread quickly that a battalion of Americans had been massacred in the Ia Drang Valley, but reporters were told there was no ambush. Joining us would be the Day One crew, including anchor Forrest Sawyer and producer Terry Wrong. In 1981, working with his co-author, Joe Galloway, he turned his attention to the research that underpinned their 1992 New York Times Bestselling book on the Ia Drang battles, We Were Soldiers Once and Young. All he could see was smoke rising through the jungle canopy. She managed to get accredited by the Associated Press, covered numerous battles, was seriously wounded by shrapnel that would remain in her body, parachuted into combat (small and thin, she was weighed down so as not to be blown away), was taken prisoner by the North Vietnamese (which she used as an opportunity to produce a cover story for LIFE Magazine), and remained obsessed by the war until her death in 2006. They arrived in the nick of time as the next PAVN assault began. I usually knew the unit but looking back now, so much I wish I had noted was simply never written down. Two of those enemy regiments had already been busy since arriving in the Central Highlands. The four days of fighting formed what became the first major battle between U.S. and North Vietnamese forces of the Vietnam War. 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