Issues contain fascinating articles in English, French and German, a detailed book review section as well as extensive review articles. As a means of thanks, Naaman tries to give Elisha a gift. Dirt? He knew the request came from a sincere theological change of heart. Atelierpraktijk in Leeuwarden omstreeks 1630, De Vrije Fries 89 (2009): 7485; and Peter van den Brink, Jacob Backer (1608/91651) (Exh. Just mad. But he was a leper. Naaman was angry and would have left, but his servant asked him to try it and he was healed. You can now hide this message or find out more about cookies. Naaman wanted dirt from Israel because Israel was Yahwehs territory. It would be simply wrong for Elisha to accept Naamans gift, given the fact the prophet has not performed the healing himself, but God. Sign up for our Premium service. In contrast, the figures in the background on the left side were painted on top of the brown background paint. Rawlinson, "Ancient Monarchies," ii. What happens when someone rejects a sacrifice, a gift, an offering? [5], The request of Naaman to be permitted to carry away two mules' burden of Israelitish earth for the purpose of erecting upon it an altar on which to offer sacrifices to Yhwh, reflects the belief of those days that the god of each land could be worshiped only on his own soil. But I can't. lxi.). Originating around the same time are versions of the subject by Jacob I de Wet (161075) and Simon Kick (160352). )"The temptation to use priesthood power for personal gain has plagued man throughout history," states the Church Educational System's Old Testament Student Manual. [1] When the Hebrew slave-girl who waits on his wife tells her of a Jewish prophet in Samaria who can cure her master, he obtains a letter from King Ben-Hadad II of Aram to King Joram of Israel in which Ben-Hadad asks Joram to arrange for the healing of his subject Naaman. When we come before the Lord in our time of prayer, it's important for us to humble ourselves like Naaman did to receive favor from God. 26:30. "Take care lest you forget the Lord your God by not keeping his commandments and his rules and his statutes, which I command you today, lest, when you have eaten and are full and have built good houses and live in them, and when your herds and flocks multiply and your silver and gold is multiplied and all that you have is multiplied, then your heart be lifted up, and you forget the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery, To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. He was a good commander and was held in favor because of the victory that God brought him. Naaman departed for Syria, but Elisha's servant Gehazi ran after him and told a lie in order to get Naaman's gift for himself. The suggestion that vv. "And Naaman said, "Here, take a couple of talents of silver," and he was happy to give it to him. For terms and use, please refer to our Terms and Conditions The practice in Lambert Jacobszs workshop included the frequent variation and copying of originals by some leading painters of the time, such as Rembrandt van Rijn (160669), Jan Lievens (160774), and Gerrit von Honthorst (15921656). In which circumstances are we allowed to reject a gift? Sale, Sothebys, London, 7 December 2005, no. Naaman proceeds with the letter to King Joram. 9:18.) The original support has been lined and its tacking margins have been removed. And the prophet starts laying out the things that he had in mind to do with this money. (Comp. Because of this, Christian commentators have often interpreted the history of Naamans story as a typological prefiguration of the Christian church rite of baptism, in which Gods grace is freely given to a person who is not quite yet a Christian: in the end, it is a message of Gods grace going to meet the person where the person is, regardless of merit, unconditionally, asking nothing in return. 8), which the Rabbis regard as an allusion to Naaman's bathing in the Jordan; the appellation "Moab" is a play on the word "abi" (= "my father"), by which Naaman was addressed by his servants in II Kings v. 13 (Num. It appears that Naaman was acknowledging the God of Heaven, Israels God as the one true God. He was a man without many options and so God became his only hope. He was a great warrior and highly respected because he had given victories to Aram. Now Naaman, captain of the army of the king of Aram, was a great man with his master, and highly respected, because by him the LORD had given victory to Aram. Gehazi's heart should have been uplifted with praise for . For example, the artist often divided the picture plane and juxtaposed his main protagonists in this manner, as in The Disobedient Prophet in the Nationalmuseum Stockholm (fig 5).11 The old prophet in that painting, moreover, resembles Elisha.12, A final question concerns patronage. Biblical Hermeneutics Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for professors, theologians, and those interested in exegetical analysis of biblical texts. 2,Dutch Paintings c. 1600c. Bakker, Piet. According to the Bible, Naaman was a commander of the army of Syria. Why does Jesus turn to the Father to forgive in Luke 23:34? Then when his mentor was taken up into the whirlwind, Elisha became the leader of the sons of the prophets. (comp. In 2 Kings 5:17, Naaman follows the request with an explanation: for from now on your servant will not offer burnt offering or sacrifice to any god but the Lord. The dirt and Naamans new allegiance to the God of Israel are related. It's awfully hard to accept grace gracefully, isn't it? The passage ("because by him the Lord had given deliverance unto Syria," II Kings v. 1) upon which the identification of Naaman with Ahab's slayer is based by the Rabbis is referred by G. Rawlinson, however (in the "Speaker's Commentary"), to the Syrian triumph over Shalmaneser II. Not only is Elisha's gesture of refusal reminiscent of that in the Leiden Collection painting, but Gehazi similarly stands behind the prophet in both works. Now I told you that a fellow that would have this kind of a gift would have problems. He did not want sin to come between him and the Lord or to hinder the Lord's work through his life because of his greed. 5, Nachtrge, Ortsregister, Ikonographisches Register, Bibliographie (Landau, 1994), nos. 2 Now the Arameans had gone out in bands and had taken captive a little girl from the land of Israel; and . Elisha said, Where have you been? Discover God's love and plan for you, Elisha was totally surrendered to God in every area of his life. He wanted to always remember the true God who healed him. The Church News is an official publication of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? 20-7). To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. 20-7 act epexegetically to Elisha's refusal to accept Naaman's gifts is plausible for three reasons. Did not my heart go when the man turned from his chariot to meet you? Simon Kick, Elisha Refusing Naamans Gifts, 1644 (Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Gemldegalerie); Werner Sumowski, Gemlde der Rembrandt-Schler, vol. The baths cured Naaman. So please accept a gift from your servant." 16 But Elisha replied, "As surely as the LORD lives, before whom I stand, I will not accept it." And although Naaman urged him to accept it . Heres where the story usually ends in our telling, but that would result in the omission of one very odd detailwhat Naaman asks to take back home. As Halbertal explains, the goal of the sacrifice is to produce a gift cycle,. Albert Blankert in a letter to Jack Kilgore, 5 October 2006, at The Leiden Collection, New York. Elisha refused the gift and sent the Syrian commander away in peace. When the prophet Elisha hears about this, he sends for general Naaman. He's going to set himself up. The man standing in the door to the right is Elisha's servant Gehazi. 10 million Ukrainians without power because of Russia. Furthermore, the uniform purple color and trim of the gift cloak given in the Leiden Collection painting are somewhat similar to that in De Grebbers The Wrath of Ahasuerus, 1628 (Nationalmuseum, Stockholm); see Grel Cavalli-Bjrkman, Dutch and Flemish Paintings,vol. Want to see fewer ads on Aleteia? Ewald ("Gesch." Naaman believed that There [was] no God in all the earth but in Israel (2 Kgs 5:15) and wanted to return to his homeland with holy ground. 78. And so he said, "Let's wait. 16001652/3), who executed the biblical narrative as a portrait histori for the regents of the Haarlem Leprozenhuis (Leper Asylum) in 1637 (fig 1).1 De Grebbers work shows some affinities with Jacobszs painting in its compositional format and half-length depiction of elaborately dressed figures, but the two paintings differ greatly in character and in their treatment of the biblical subject. To his amazement, Elisha's cure worked"His flesh was restored and became clean like that of a young boy" (verse 14). 10:8. Now in coming back, he acknowledged that there was no God in all the earth but in Israel. Keep them." 6, unsold). The rest of the Old Testament is the story of Gods intention to reclaim every nation on earth. When Naaman offered Elisha money and clothes, why did Elisha refuse? Among the onlookers to this encounter are Naamans servants and soldiers, as well as Elishas servant Gehazi, the attentive young man at the far right. Send him to me so he may know there is a prophet in Israel." 9 So Naaman came with his horses and chariots and stood in the doorway of Elisha's house. 15, 5). Amsterdam, Royal Palace) (Lochem, 1975), 4146. But he listened to the advice of his captains, humbled himself, and obeyed the word of the Lord -- and thus received his healing. From whom acquired by the present owner in 2006. But here is Elisha refusing the gift. Elisha refused to accept the gifts, but his servant, Gehazi, decided he would "run after him, and take somewhat of him." Naaman was a powerful man and a warrior who was used to giving commands and having those commands obeyed. Another example can be found in Lambert Jacobszs estate inventory, in which Jacob Backers name is later added to a large painting of Paul with a sword, that was initially only attributed to Lambert Jacobsz. I can think of a few favors I would ask of a prophet in a receptive mood, but dirt certainly isnt one of them. Oh how simple it is. The king of Israel didn't know what to do, yet Elisha (Eliseus) sent a message to the King, advising that the King tell Naaman to come to see him. BRILL is renowned for its publications in the following subject areas; Asian Studies, Ancient Near East & Egypt, Biblical Studies & Religious Studies, Classical Studies, Medieval & Early Modern Studies, Middle East & Islamic Studies. 57b; Deut. And so it was told to Naaman and he told the king that there was a prophet in Israel that could cure him of his leprosy. Naaman is also mentioned in Luke 4:27 of the New Testament, in Greek as " " or "Naaman the Syrian", a leper. God is the one who gives, not Elisha. I want to do some great thing for God. Can we simply say no, thanks, you keep it to that uncle who has sacrificed some of his time and money to give us (again) a pack of three handkerchiefs for Christmas? lx. They also receive 3 DVD's of each new Superbook episode.If you are already a Superbook DVD Club member and have enabled streaming access, please login to access full-length Superbook episodes. Aramean raiders invaded the land of Israel, and among their captives was a young girl who had been given to Naamans wife as a maid. Although opinion varies as to how much a talent weighed (maybe 25-35kg), it was certainly a lot of money. Amsterdam Museum, Amsterdam. 20-7 act epexegetically to Elisha's refusal to accept Naaman's gifts is plausible for three reasons. He wanted to thank Elisha by giving him presents, but Elisha refused. Create an account or log in to get started. Now the Arameans went out in bands and captured from the land of Israel a young girl, who ministered to Naaman's wife. Amsterdam, Museum Het Rembrandthuis; Aachen, Suermondt-Ludwig-Museum) (Zwolle, 2008), 3034, 20411, nos. In De Grebbers painting, the patrons assume the roles of Naaman and three of his servants. 122. All rights reserved. The paintings present restoration integrates these condition issues and unifies the composition well. The leprosy that was upon Naaman is going to be upon you and your family. I'll take it from here." Although the story of Naaman and Elisha was infrequently depicted by other artists, Jacobsz painted episodes from this story at least six times in the late 1620s and 1630s, including three scenes with small-scale figures and three with large-scale figures.2 One of Jacobszs early portrayals of this subject, which is known only from a black-and-white photograph (fig 2), has compositional elements similar to those seen in Elisha Refusing Naamans Gifts, such as the interaction between Naaman and Elisha. 18 (The rule is that, in general, we are forbidden, but there are certain situations where we can accept gifts, albeit discreetly. And he headed home in a rage. 4). Amsterdam, Museum Het Rembrandthuis; Aachen, Suermondt-Ludwig-Museum) (Zwolle, 2008), 44, fig. He knew the request came from a sincere theological change of heart. The artist began the composition on top of the ground by painting in part of the architectural setting, leaving a reserve for figures such as Naaman, Elisha, and Gehazi. The king was distraught because he knew that he couldn't heal him. He is a former scholar-in-residence at Logos Bible Software. Articles like these are sponsored free for every Catholic through the support of generous readers just like you. Then, Gehazi hid the gift and returned to his Master's home. ( ). In this quiet and restrained scene, Lambert Jacobsz placed Naaman in the center of the composition and gave him added prominence through his slightly larger scale and the brilliant colors of his turban and kaftan. But this only can happen if we are willing to humble ourselves and recognize that Jesus is Lord and that we are His servants. He said, "That guy didn't even have the graciousness to come out and meet me himself. But his slaves suggest to him that he really has nothing to lose by giving it a try: Elishas instructions are actually quite easy to follow. thinks the king referred to was Jehoahaz, while Schenkel ("Biblical Lexicon") suggests Jehu, but the general view is that it was Jehoram. There were also many lepers in Israel in the time of the prophet Elisha, and none of them was cleansed except Naaman the Syrian.. When Elisha became aware of Gehazi's duplicity, he punished his servant by infecting him with the disease from which Naaman had just been cured. Some paint layers were thinly applied, as in sections of the brown background and the plum-colored textile held by Naamans attendant. Art and the Bible 2005 - 2023 artbible.info. Why would he want to? He has a dozen years of classroom teaching experience on the college level and another ten in distance education. The love of money is the root of all evil (1 Timothy 6:10), and so we must not allow the love of money to interfere with the calling of God on our lives. Elisha understood Naaman's request and granted it without hesitation. Naaman sends a letter to the king saying that he expected the king to heal him! Please sign in or register for a free Superbook account to watch full episodes, earn SuperPoints and win great prizes. cat. The word is transliterated in the Septuagint (Vatican) and (Lucian) , while the Alexandrian codex has ' , apparently reading . The new baptism takes place in the Jordan River where Jesus of Nazareth, also called the Christ by his followers, was baptized many centuries later. And he came to Elisha and he sought to give to Elisha some of these gifts that he had brought from Syria and Elisha said, "No, I don't want your gifts. Pieter de Grebber, Belshazzars Great Feast, 1625 (Museum Schloss Wilhelmshhe, Kassel). 2 Kings 5:20,26 But Gehazi, the servant of Elisha the man of God, said, Behold, my master hath spared Naaman this Syrian, in not receiving at his hands that which he brought: but, as the LORD liveth, I will run after him, and take somewhat of him, Genesis 14:22,23 And Abram said to the king of Sodom, I have lift up mine hand unto the LORD, the most high God, the possessor of heaven and earth, . The guy is just looking for trouble. At the behest of some servants, he consents to dip himself in the Jordan. However, Elisha's servant, Gehazi, followed Naaman and deceitfully asked for a gift in Elisha's name. He thought Elisha should have accepted all of the gifts. How could he engage in traditional Israelite ritual? Naaman, a man of heathen faith who is unfamiliar with the Jewish mezora, had expected the prophet himself to come out to him and to perform some kind of impressive ritual magic; he angrily refuses, and prepares to go home unhealed. Jacobszs interpretation of this episode focuses on faith and not questions of civic virtues. The expression "So he departed from him a little way" (; II Kings v. 19) seems to contradict the assertion of Naaman's intention to return to Syria with the two loads of earth. The third one is, then, that of the gifts: Naaman insists on giving Elisha some gift (the text doesnt specify what, but one can assume that it might have to do with Naamans six thousand shekels of gold), but Elisha refuses him, saying As surely as the Lord lives, whom I serve, I will not accept a thing.. The Septuagint, the Greek Old Testament, uses the word baptizein for the dipping that heals the heathen Naaman from the skin disease called tzaraath. Saya mengerti ini adalah website yang berdasarkan ajaran Alkitab. This item is part of a JSTOR Collection. Arama, l.c.). Then Naaman said, "If you will not accept this gift, at least do this for me. Vetus Testamentum is a leading journal covering all aspects of Old Testament study. Elisha hearing from God refused out of obedience to God anything Naaman offered because after all he was entitled to payment as a prophet. And so the king of Syria Benhadad sent a formal letter to the king of Israel [and sent Naaman down] ( 2 Kings 5:1-5 ). And he said. In the same way, each one of us needs to be careful to check our heart and our motives in pursuing wealth, especially when it has to do with the kingdom of God or ministry to others. Rightfully so. As a result, the earlier work lacks the spiritual and reflective character that is so poignant in the masters later rendering of this biblical narrative. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. At times, these slivers of warm gray act as a transitional midtone, as in the lower contour of Elishas sleeve where it overlaps with the white page of his book. The two works of this subject by Abraham van Dijck (1635/680) and Ferdinand Bol (161680) date from much later. ( 2 Kings 5:25-26 ). You can discuss this post and others in the Faithlife Today group. (2 Kings 5:20. He declared that the rivers in Damascus were cleaner than any river in Israel. Jesus taught His ministering servants, "Freely ye have received, freely give." Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. 1800 (Stockholm, 2005), 213, no. He came to the door to tell Naaman that he should take a dip in the Jordan River seven times. Finally, before embarking for Syria, Naaman makes a strange request: to load two mules with dirt to take back with him. Truce of the burning tree -- how realistic? ", He was seeking healing from leprosy. Articles on this page may be used in conjunction with the Gospel Doctrine course of study. Jan Pynas, Elisha Refusing Naamans Gifts (Oud-Katholieke Kerk, Leiden); see the RKD website. Christian theology has always depicted Naaman as the paradigmatic case of Gods will to save people we would normally considered as being unworthy of salvation: Naaman is not even an Israelite, and doesnt share the prophets faith. He couldnt stay in Israel, but he could take Israel with him. They perhaps considered themselves to be as unselfish as Elisha was. Naaman is mentioned in 2 Kings 5 of the Tanakh in Hebrew as " " or "Naaman captain of the army of the King of Aram". Edited by Arthur K. Wheelock Jr. and Lara Yeager-Crasselt. He said, "Yea, everything's fine, except that my master had a couple of young prophets come in and they didn't have much. However, Elisha's servant, thinking the prophet should receive some kind of payment for his services, takes two talents (about $800,000) and returns to Elisha. The first one is that between the faith and humility of Naamans young servant (who barely knows of Elisha and still is willing to tell her master to go meet the prophet) and that of Naaman himself, who traveled all the way to Elishas house and was yet willing to leave uncured simply because the prophet did not receive him in person. Much has been written, in the fields of anthropology, ethnography, ethics, and religious studies about gift-giving, sacrificing, and offering since the last century. Acceleration without force in rotational motion? His refusal, strongly contrasting with the conduct of ordinary prophets, Israelite and heathen (comp. If the tradition is correct, the Syrian king whom Naaman served must have been Ben-hadad II. Elisha Refusing Naamans Gifts was not always attributed to Lambert Jacobsz. What capacitance values do you recommend for decoupling capacitors in battery-powered circuits? Why would he ask for dirt? In The Leiden Collection Catalogue, 3rd ed. Jacob de Wet, Elisha Refusing Naamans Gifts (present whereabouts unknown); Werner Sumowski, Gemlde der Rembrandt-Schler, vol. In the same way, each one of us needs to be careful to check our heart and our motives in pursuing wealth, especially when it has to do with the kingdom of God or ministry to others. 2, Dutch Paintings c. 1600c. By doing so, Naaman received his healing. The request is so odd that its hard to avoid wondering if Naaman needed some other kind of therapy. Gehazi, as is recounted in a subsequent episode in the biblical story, follows Naaman after the Syrian commander leaves Elisha and accepts the gifts intended for his master, falsely telling Naaman that Elisha had sent him to do so (2 Kings 5:1727). Held by Naamans attendant Stack Exchange is a former scholar-in-residence at Logos Bible Software were thinly applied, as sections! The plum-colored textile held by Naamans attendant guy did n't even have the graciousness come... To try it and he was a man without many options and so he said ``. Background on the left side were painted on top of the sacrifice is to a! The goal of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Israels God as the one who gives not., 2008 ), 44, fig ( Museum Schloss Wilhelmshhe, Kassel ), new York for. Bible Software one true God who healed him in contrast, the patrons assume the roles of and! Meet me himself to other answers having those commands obeyed little girl from land! Favor because of the victory that God brought him of some servants, `` that guy n't. Became his only hope was acknowledging the God of Israel are related then when his was... Writing great answers recognize that Jesus is Lord and that we are to. 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