No Payment is Required! Fiscal Federalism In Nigeria - Understanding The Core Issues By Kayode Oladele. Federalism test policies and training of leaders. In any consideration of Nigerian federalism, several issues call for attention. What is federalism? Sharing of power between the center and the states can also be disadvantageous. Abacha regime, added more states making Nigeria a federation of 36 states and Federal capital Territory at Abuja. This was one of the major reasons for the creation of the newer and smaller states after the independence. Fresh Fact Emerges, "Didn't know I was already pregnant": New mum Seyi Edun calls out lady who mocked her childlessness in 2022. There are several pros and cons of federalism to consider when looking at it as a political system. November 23, 2019. https://ivypanda.com/essays/federalism-2/. Others do not. Federalism was basically introduced to bring about peace and unity in the different regions of the country. Then there are the inefficient processes that people must follow when managing their activities. Importance of Federalism in Nigeria are listed and explicated herein. The federal system increases the opportunities for average citizens to participate in government. If you are the copyright owner of this paper and no longer wish to have your work published on IvyPanda. There are natural disasters, national welfare aid distributed to the states for authorization, public education resources, and many more benefits or circumstances where someone must navigate each level of government to find the results they want. Too many elected representatives with overlapping roles may also lead to corruption. Moreover, But nigeria today became the proudable and bearable country, The governmental powers are shared between the federal government and the thirty-six state governments. The U.S. government threatened to pull funding from the cities choosing this action, and then filed suit against them in an effort to try getting compliance. "Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages." Federalism in India. 7. IvyPanda. 1. We are constantly told that federalism is a wasteful, costly system of government, which produces nothing more than duplication and buck-passing. The constitution must be rigid to avoid frequent and unnecessary changes. Federalism can be defined as a system of government in which political powers of the state are shared between the central government and other component units. While formulating policies, local needs, tastes and opinions are given due consideration by the state governments. Not only is Nigeria's population compared to those of other countries, huge; but it is also growing daily. The two levels always have final authority and self governance in specific areas. The competitive federalism model is a theoretical construct advanced by State governments have the freedom to adopt policies which may not be followed nationally or by any other state. federalism. Thus, the failure of Nigerian federalism can be attributed to its' abundance and dependence on oil resources. This post will give you some insight into why federalism was adopted as the system of governance in Nigeria. Hurry Now click here to Apply >> Immigrate to Canada (i)Cultural diversity, (ii) fear of domination by minorities, (iii). But besides these three major tribes, there are over 350 other smaller tribes with diverse languages and dialects. It is also promotes regional inequalities. Although there is always a level of national pride, local patriotism is usually the first level of loyalty that an individual will experience. w !1AQaq"2B #3Rbr Matters, enumerated in the exclusive list are selected for the federal authority, while matters that fall within the concurrent list are selected for the federal government, and the regions. Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages. In the EU, the members of the upper houses in the government are not elected or appointed, but they serve as delegates of their respective governments. The needs of the people in Seattle may be very different than those who live in the population centers around Miami. It allows different localities to adapt their policies to the needs and wishes of local populations. Figures are often tossed around about how much money we could save without it - $9 billion, $20 billion, or more. The effectiveness of linking communications has been a vital factor in geographical unit. student. Federalism is a mixed form of government where there is a general government always known as the central or federal government and regional governments which could be provincial or states governments. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. New York: Harper & Row, 1984. The federal system increases the opportunities for average citizens to participate in government. The nation also wanted to have the power to address issues such as great depressions that it was facing due to failures in economic, political and social issues. Federalism allows local governments to fight the national governments. It contains thousands of paper examples on a wide variety of topics, all donated by helpful students. Moreover, it is important to note that most of the ethnic groups in Nigeria had strong political inter-group relationship before colonial rule. Justice Udo Udoma is of the view that regionalism was introduced by the colonialists in order to divide and rule, and weaken true national unity in Nigeria. Political institutions, Kinship ties, Origin of towns and their cultural antecedents are enriched with similar history. Unless specified, this website is not in any way affiliated with any of the institutions featured. /Height 235 It is a unitary system of governance where by power is concentrated in a single national government. Dispersing of government power between the state and the nation offers greater protection against emergence of tyrannical government. The federal system disperses political power so that no single individual or group has excessive power. Don't want to keep filling in name and email whenever you want to comment? It is the result of the highly established units which can usually be absent. On the subject of policy innovation, Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis observed in 1932 that "a single courageous state may, if its citizens choose, serve as a laboratory; and . Different communities have unique requirements that they must meet to maximize their quality of life. Federalism does not get good press in Australia. It is important to also reason that small states are prone to domination and sometimes control by the big ones. One state might reduce their subsidy benefits to encourage people to move to a different state that offers a higher benefit. This process can create positive or negative results. 1. This is where the regional government steps in. In some areas where major communal or other social antagonism cuts across territorial boundaries, ranging through all the federating units, communities or classes have been driven to seek to protect or strengthen their position by inter-territorial union. Rt. Also, there was a demand for more local regions by all these ethnic interest groups which was what led to the creation of new states. Geographical factor, (iv) Economic factor Different states also have different laws making it hard to enforce law on visitors who had moved in the state. we are proud to nigeria our inherited country,god bless nigeria. John Paden, George Mason University: Federalism in Nigeria. Advantages of Federalism Flexibility In Governing Provides A Balance of Power Allows Citizens Needs to Be Met More Productive Society Produces Conflict Management Disadvantages of Federalism Power Struggles Easier for Inequality to Arise Lack of Cohesion Problems With Accountability Is Federalism Good or Bad? Advantages of Federalism Federalism promotes unity: the system provides a united national government deal in matters such as finance, defence, regulation of business and foreign affairs. Another government might offer a significant tax break to a company that encourages them to place offices in one location and not another. When a government is closer to its citizens, then it can provide a responsive solution when there are citizen needs, emergency situations, or changes that are necessary in the structure of laws. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. I enjoin you to read the advantages and disadvantages of a written constitution here! . The confrontation between a predominantly Muslim North and a predomi-nantly Christian South, a confrontation accentuated by the political advantages derived from the North's preponderant size and population. 3 Advantages Of Federalism In The Philippines. All these strengthen political bonds and gave Rice to unity in diversity. The desire to have authority to taxation and the general welfare of the citizens of America also made them increase national government powers. Federalism is very important to make sure that people from every part of the country have a representative in the decision-making groups (i.e. Federalism brings about peaceful political association of multi-ethnic groups: Federalism produces a stronger and stable nation: Equitable development and growth of the nation. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. (2019, November 23). Written constitution are mostly rigid, with cumbersome amendment procedure, which leads to the problem of how to easily amend it to make it suit changing needs and time. November 23, 2019. https://ivypanda.com/essays/federalism-2/. In 1963 Midwestern region was created and Nigeria became a nation of four regions. This is IvyPanda's free database of academic paper samples. In a unitary constitution which opposes federal principles, everything belongs to the central government; the federating unit does not exist, let alone agitating for resource control. Each state has the power to trail policies that the citizens consider more important. It can also be used as a way to pass ridiculous laws as a way to make a political statement, discourage tourism, or some other specific result. Several positive and negative attributes of federalism have manifested themselves in the U.S. political system. This article is licensed under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license. Nigeria's independence was gotten and founded on the basis of a federalist system of Government. Take for example, in the Nigerian case of Attorney General of Federation v Attorney General of Abia and others (2002) 3 NCLR 1ar p 54, the issue of resource control in a true federalism was the bone of contention in that matter. Excellent, thanks a lot f National government shall issue grants to states to aid in state development. A federal system, in which units exist only for political or pacifist reasons, forebodes a great burden for fiscal federalism. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". 2 Top 5 Advantages Of Federalism. Federalism provides a structure that diffuses governmental power . Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Nigeria app ing this period of military rule were l ##### tral government. The various ethnic and religious groups that live together need to be reconciled for stability. Unfortunately, since the formation of Nigeria and adoption of this system of governance in the country has not seen much effect of federalism. On the other hand, local governments have a comparative advantage in the supply of local public goods, particularly those for which there are no significant economies of scale and whose preferences differ spatially. Proportional representation (PR) systems are argued to be the political system most advantageous to women's political representation. Nigerian federalism can be traced back to 1914 when the Northern and Southern protectorates were amalgamated because, during this period, the powers of government were shared between the central government headed by the Governor-General and the governments of Southern protectorates and Northern protectorates. The local governments can decide to fight the existence of some specific national laws by going through the justice system of the country. 5. The full explanation of Nigeria's federalism. Have you ever wondered why Nigeria is practicing a federal system of government and not any other system? 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